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成长第一步——问题树课程开发模型

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发表于 2010-3-8 19:57:38 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
<DIV> <SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>俗语云,好的开始是成功的一半,青新伙伴的第一课也在很大程度上决定着这个项目的成败。到底选择什么样的课程更好呢?经过项目组的多次讨论,我们终于达成了共识,</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN; mso-default-font-family: 宋体; mso-latin-font-family: 宋体">相对方法而言,建立一种正确的发现问题、分析问题的思维模式则显得更为重要,于是,青新伙伴的第一课就是苏平老师独创的问题树课程开发模型,该模型强调根据访谈、调研,寻找学员所存在的问题,设计有针对性的课程,达到促使学员学以致用的目的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comfficeffice" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN>
< class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN">  </P>
< class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">成长第一步——<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
< class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">问题树课程开发模型</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
< class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><o:p>
< class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">一、 “以终为始”的理念<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
< class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>“以终为始”是《高效能人士的七个习惯》里的一个概念,强调的是“目的”和“按目的行动”。也就是说,我们在做一件事之前,要仔细构思这件事,明确做这件事的目的,并确保,我们的行动能够达成这个目的。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
< class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>以设计培训为例,一场培训的目的是什么呢?很多培训通知上都详细的描述了培训的背景、重要性,却很少能说清培训的具体目的是什么。事实上,任何培训都包括培养和训练两部分,其最终的目的都是让学员能够将培训中所学运用到实际的工作、生活中去,也就是我们常说的“学以致用”。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
< class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"></SPAN></SPAN></P>
< class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">“以终为始”的理念就要求我们,首先明确培训的目的,比如,让学员掌握何种技能,让学员解决社团工作中的什么问题,然后,再依据此目的设计培训课程,要考虑培训的学员、背景等,设计恰当的内容和方法,确保学员在参与完培训后能够“学以致用”。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
< class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>其实“以终为始”的理念,在我们的日常生活及社团工作中无处不在,仔细想想,大到运作一个项目、小到召开一次社团会议,甚至,只是用心的读一本书,都需要注意“目的”和“按目的行动”这两点。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">二、 问题树课程开发模型<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>将“以终为始”的理念应用于课程开发,就是这里要介绍的问题树课程开发模型了。总的来说,这个模型分成三个部分诊断调研、明确需求和课程开发。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> <IMG id=uchomelocalimg[] src="attachment/201003/8/1336_1268049407MzIH.png"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>前面说过,以终为始的第一步是明确目的,在培训设计中,首先就是要知道培训的目的,换句话说,就是要明确培训需求。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN">  </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">什么是培训需求?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>简单的说,就是标准与现实的差距。比如,作为一个社团的负责人,一定要会策划项目,会协调团队开展活动,具有良好的沟通能力,并能激励成员不断进步,可实际上,这个负责人既不会策划项目,也不能很好的与人沟通,更不注重团队协作的重要性,那么,这和“社团负责人的标准”就有了一定的差距,而这个差距便是培训的需求。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: en-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">如何确定标准?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>其实,常识和经验能够帮助我们找出问题存在的大多数可能因素。举个例子,如果一个社团中,成员参与活动的积极性不高,原因可能是活动本身不吸引人,成员对协会没有感情,协会的氛围凝重大家不想来,在协会里无事可做等等。这些可能的原因在我们的大脑中混乱的分布着,我们首先要做的就是将他们都清晰的呈现出来。这里就有一种方法,叫做鱼骨图。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> <IMG id=uchomelocalimg[] src="attachment/201003/8/1336_12680494112TKs.png"></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">如何制作鱼骨图?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>首先,确定我们要分析的问题是“为什么成员积极性不高”,将这句话写在右侧;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>然后,画出大骨,填写你觉得可能的大要因,也就是例子中的沟通、职责、时间和态度;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>接下来,画出中骨、小骨,填写中、小要因,这里的中小要因会更加具体,更多的表现为某一具体行为。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>需要注意的是,因为这部分为“依经验、常识判断”得来,所以并不需要写得很详细,只是为了后面的“找差距”提供一个方向和依据。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: en-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">如何找差距?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">    准确的找到差距,是设计有效培训最重要的一步,那么如何才能找到差距呢?一般,有以下七种方法。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"></SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"><o:p><IMG id=uchomelocalimg[] src="attachment/201003/8/1336_1268049415Zsoo.png"></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN">  </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>我们来重点讲述面谈沟通法,也就是常说的“访谈法”。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">-</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"> 访谈谁?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">一般情况下,要做</SPAN><SPAN lang=en-US style="language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN dir=ltr></SPAN>360°</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">访谈</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">,也就是从会长到普通志愿者,每个层次的人都有有所涉及,这样才能全方位的了解一个协会的问题究竟是什么。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">-</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"> 访谈流程? <BR><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>先暖场,这个非常重要,要介绍你是谁,你为什么来,你要打搅别人多久,并告诉他,你会保密,消除疑虑;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>然后,可以问一些客套的话,比如,你是哪里人啊,你是学什么的啊,这样可以找到共同话题,建立初步关系;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>再然后,可以问一些开放性的问题,让访谈对象多多去描述,可以打开话题;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>访谈快结束的时候,以及遇到滔滔不绝者可以用封闭式问题去结束话题;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>最后,一定要进行小结,既能保证你的专业度,又能澄清一些事实。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">-</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"> 访谈技巧?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>我们来“以终为始”的分析一下,访谈的目的是了解培训的背景,找到需要通过培训解决的问题。那么,访谈的过程就一定要通过恰当的提问,让学员描述更多的实际问题,并通过互动和分析,找到问题的根本原因。这里有几个关键点需要注意:多听、避免引导、辨别真伪、澄清事实。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: en-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> <IMG id=uchomelocalimg[] src="attachment/201003/8/1336_1268049421yFcZ.png"></SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=en-US style="language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">        </SPAN>STAR</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">的访谈方式,是面试中经常用到的一种方法,它通过对事件背景、任务、行动、结果的询问,可以在一定程度上测谎,并挖掘更多的潜在信息。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: en-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> <IMG id=uchomelocalimg[] src="attachment/201003/8/1336_1268049427UFim.png"></SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>剥洋葱法是一种通过问“为什么”,对问题一层层剖析,最终找到事情真相的方法,其关键在于每一个问题的答案必须为事实描述,不能是主观判断。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> <IMG id=uchomelocalimg[] src="attachment/201003/8/1336_1268049430XP08.png"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>先跟后带的方法,有点像太极推掌,就是即使访谈对象说的根本就不对,或者,提供了很多无用信息,也不能否定或批判他的话,而是要从“具体方法”中的五个方面对他进行认同或肯定,其实,核心是</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">先处理心情,再处理事情</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> <IMG id=uchomelocalimg[] src="attachment/201003/8/1336_12680494325uoZ.png"></SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>上堆下切法,即从三个方向扩展交谈的涵盖面,使交谈的内容更丰富,效果更理想。举个例子,如果访谈对象没有去进行事实描述,而是下了个判断,说某人不好,这时,你要如何将话题继续下去呢?图中给大家介绍了三个方向的一些问题。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> <IMG id=uchomelocalimg[] src="attachment/201003/8/1336_1268049438m8no.png"></SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>开放性问题是没有标准答案的,可以用来打开话题,获得更多信息;封闭式问题即让对方做选择题或判断题,适合用于确认或转移话题前的结束语,也可用于中止喋喋不休的人的发言。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> <IMG id=uchomelocalimg[] src="attachment/201003/8/1336_12680494469mBf.png"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><o:p></o:p></SPAN><o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>提问的时候,一个问题只能有一个问题点,要避免暗示和引导性问题,更要避免尖锐的问题,要注意说话的艺术,并让自己保持客观,不要带入更多的感情因素在里面。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> <IMG id=uchomelocalimg[] src="attachment/201003/8/1336_1268049452WNSe.png"></SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>在访谈中,要遵循</SPAN><SPAN lang=en-US style="language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN dir=ltr></SPAN>80/20</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">法则,即</SPAN><SPAN lang=en-US style="language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN dir=ltr></SPAN>80%</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">用来听,</SPAN><SPAN lang=en-US style="language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN dir=ltr></SPAN>20%</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">用来说。在听的过程中,我们需要不断的回应对方,一方面让对方清楚的知道我们在听,另一方面让对方感受到我们的尊重。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: en-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">如何确定主题?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>下一步就是将找到的“差距”进行分析整理,确定最终的培训主题,这里同样有一个工具,叫做树形图。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"> <IMG id=uchomelocalimg[]0 src="attachment/201003/8/1336_1268049454wSAN.png"></SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">如何画树形图?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>依旧是刚才的例子,根据鱼骨图对</SPAN><SPAN lang=en-US style="language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN dir=ltr></SPAN>5</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">位社团成员进行了访谈,我们得到了很多描述社团实际问题的关键词,比如:项目执行过程中前紧后松,分工不明确,项目执行时间不够等等。经过整理,我们列出了出现最高频的</SPAN><SPAN lang=en-US style="language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN dir=ltr></SPAN>5</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">个描述,分别是:不能及时了解项目进度、项目执行时间不足、项目过程前紧后松、分工不明确、人职不匹配。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>然后,我们可以将这</SPAN><SPAN lang=en-US style="language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN dir=ltr></SPAN>5</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">个高频词进行分类:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>项目执行时间不足、项目过程前紧后松是项目进度安排的问题,不了解项目进度是进度汇报的问题,这两个可以归纳为项目进度安排;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>分工不明确和人职不匹配是项目人员安排的问题。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>我们将上面的五个高频词按照分类,逐级画到“树”中去。</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>最后,我们需要以能概括项目进度安排、项目人员安排这两个部分的最小主题来定义我们的培训,那么,就是项目管理机制设计。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">如何确定培训大纲?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>树形图不但帮我们确定了培训主题,还告诉我们,学员的问题点在哪里,既然我们的培训目的是“学以致用,解决问题”,那培训大纲自然就是要将与解决问题相关的知识点都包含进去。根据刚才的例子,我们可以设计出如下的课程大纲:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">一、 项目中人的管理<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.259pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.259pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none; mso-level-number-format: arabic; mso-level-text: '%1.'; mso-level-indent: 21.2597pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; DIRECTION: ltr; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; unicode-bidi: embed; language: zh-CN">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="WIDTH: 9.75pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">如何做好岗位描述<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.259pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.259pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none; mso-level-number-format: arabic; mso-level-text: '%1.'; mso-level-indent: 21.2597pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; DIRECTION: ltr; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; unicode-bidi: embed; language: zh-CN">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="WIDTH: 9.75pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">志愿者的招募与匹配</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: en-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">二、 项目中的时间管理<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.259pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.259pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none; mso-level-number-format: arabic; mso-level-text: '%1.'; mso-level-indent: 21.2597pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; DIRECTION: ltr; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; unicode-bidi: embed; language: zh-CN">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="WIDTH: 9.75pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">基于</SPAN><SPAN lang=en-US style="language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN dir=ltr></SPAN>4R</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">理论的项目过程控制<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.259pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.259pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none; mso-level-number-format: arabic; mso-level-text: '%1.'; mso-level-indent: 21.2597pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; DIRECTION: ltr; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; unicode-bidi: embed; language: zh-CN">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="WIDTH: 9.75pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">甘特图的原理及应用<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">如何让培训更有针对性?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>仅仅完成到这一步,还不足以让我们的课程做到有针对性,因为访谈仅仅代表部分人的观点,所描述的问题也不全面,培训师也无法了解学员整体的能力水平。所以,我们还需要通过问卷的形式,了解学员的基础、起点,集中的问题点,以确定课程的重点、讲授方式等。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">如何设计一份有效的问卷?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>问卷的设计过程中,同样充分体现了“以终为始”的理念。你想获得什么样的答案,就设计什么样的问题。比如,我想了解这个社团在制定岗位描述过程中的困难点是什么,如果,我直接这样提问的话,估计很难得到满意的答案,但是,如果在问卷里提出“请分别描述你的协会中项目协调人、项目会长的具体职责”,那么,我们就能根据学员的回答,找出他们的问题点在哪里了。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </SPAN>其实,设计有效问卷的核心还是问对问题,这个可以参考前面的访谈技巧。只是,在设计完问卷,可以需要问自己以下几个问题:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.259pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.259pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none; mso-level-number-format: arabic; mso-level-text: '%1.'; mso-level-indent: 21.2597pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; DIRECTION: ltr; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; unicode-bidi: embed; language: zh-CN">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="WIDTH: 9.75pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">这些问题都是必要的吗?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.259pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.259pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none; mso-level-number-format: arabic; mso-level-text: '%1.'; mso-level-indent: 21.2597pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; DIRECTION: ltr; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; unicode-bidi: embed; language: zh-CN">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="WIDTH: 9.75pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">这些问题都符合调查目标吗?</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: en-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.259pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.259pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none; mso-level-number-format: arabic; mso-level-text: '%1.'; mso-level-indent: 21.2597pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; DIRECTION: ltr; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; unicode-bidi: embed; language: zh-CN">3.</SPAN><SPAN style="WIDTH: 9.75pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">这些问题表达明确、无歧义吗?</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: en-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.259pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.259pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none; mso-level-number-format: arabic; mso-level-text: '%1.'; mso-level-indent: 21.2597pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; DIRECTION: ltr; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; unicode-bidi: embed; language: zh-CN">4.</SPAN><SPAN style="WIDTH: 9.75pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">这些问题方便学员回答吗?</SPAN><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: en-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">最后一步,就是根据问卷的统计的结果,结合大纲,设计具体的课程了。这里也会设计一些具体的授课方法:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">演讲法/演说法<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">案例分析法<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">小组讨论法<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">展示/示范法<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">角色扮演<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">游戏法/竞赛法<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN; mso-ansi-language: zh-CN; mso-fareast-language: zh-CN">授课方法综合演练<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="mso-pagination: none"><SPAN lang=zh-CN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; language: zh-CN"><IMG id=uchomelocalimg[]1 src="attachment/201003/8/1336_1268049456Rla5.png"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><o:p></o:p></SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></o:p></SPAN></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></o:p></SPAN></o:p></SPAN></DIV>
 楼主| 发表于 2010-3-8 19:57:38 | 显示全部楼层
图好模糊啊,呜呜~
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